Tuesday, November 18, 2008

Membrane Characterization (UF/MF)

Pore size
Molecullar weigh cut-off using dextran or polyethylene glycol (PEG) rejection. The pore size is determine as the molecular weigh of particle that can be rejected 90% by membrane. The filtration is conducted by filtering the serries of differend dextran MW solution. The rejection profile than defined by the linearization of the rejection-MW curve. Normaly the concentration of the dextran is less than 2% w/w. 

Procedure of PEG rejection test (A. D. Sabde et al. [1997]):
Reagents
  1. 5% w/v BaCl2 in 1 N HCl (100 ml)
  2. 100 ml of 2% KI (w/v)  + 1.27 g I2 --> This mixture than dilluted 10 times.

Procedure:
  1. Add 1 ml reagen 1 to 4 ml sample --->  (I)
  2. Add 1 ml reagen II to  solution I ---> (II)
  3. Allow the color development for 15 minutes at room temperature
  4. Read the absorbtion using spectrophotometer at 535 nm againt reagent blank
Note: To get the concentration value, the calibration curve is required.


Pore size distribution
Bubble  


Porosity



Surface structure


Monday, November 17, 2008

Lab Scale MBR

Planning the lab scale MBR



Figure 1. Labscale MBR


Specification:

No

Spare part (unit)

Specification, Price

Notes

1

Bioreactor tank (1)

50x25x30cm (39.93€)

2

Feed tank (1)

-

It can be any used tank in volume of 30-40 liters

3

Level control tank (1)

-

It can be any used tank in volume of 3-4 liters

4

Feed pump (1)

Circulation pump to level control tank (19.80€)

5

Air pump (1)

Maximum flow rate 550 l/h (59.29€)

6

Air diffuser (5 unit)

Bubble size 100-500 µm (1€/Pieces)

7

Air flow meter (1)

-

8

Submerged membrane module (depend on requirement)

Prepared by us

9

Vacuum pump (1)

The purchasing is in progress

10

Centrifugal pump (1)

The purchasing is in progress

11

Pressure gauge (3)

The purchasing is in progress

12

Valve (5)

(1€/Pieces)

13

Pipe line (depend on requirement)

1€ / m

14

Cross flow membrane module

Prepared by us

Price was taken by direct survey to: De Servis Leuven bvba, Diestsstraat 133 - 3000 Leuven

Instrumentation and analysis

Parameters

Price

*MLSS

-

*COD

-

*Turbidity

-

pH

58.99€

Temperature

20.6€

Dissolved oxygen (DO)

Water proof (947.43€), Not water proof (712.69€)

Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)

136€

pH controller

373.89€

Temperature controller

160€

Flux

-

Remarks:

  • These is basic instrumentation to operate the activated sludge system or membrane bioreactor. The more instrumentation analysis are required for more detail observation.
  • The other parametersthat could be required to be tested are, NO-2 -N, NO-3 –N, total phospor (TP) and total nitrogen (TN).
  • The detail can be found and standard method for wastewates analysis.

The operating parameters is determined according to the pilot plant parameters from MBR companies.